1.1 The holding, approach and departure procedures in use are based on those contained in the latest edition of ICAO Doc 8168 (PANS-OPS).

1.2 Flights of an aircraft in a holding area shall be carried out by accordance with established holding pattern indicated in instrument approach procedures.

1.3 Change of flight level in a holding area may be carried out by the pilot-in-command of an aircraft only by clearance of the appropriate ATS unit.

1.4 Any clearances may instructed to team leader, as a single flight, when the group of aircraft operating by one unit or team.

2.1 Aircraft may be cleared to contact approach control or aerodrome control tower. An ATS unit shall issue appropriate approach clearance to the landing aircraft prior to entering the Terminal Control Area (TMA).

2.2 If it’s necessary to delay aircraft by means of holding or busy movement area environment, pilots will be advised of a further clearance time or Expected Approach Time (EAT) only if the delay is planned to be for a period of 15 minutes. If the delay is planned to be for a period of less than 15 minutes, pilots will be advised as no delay expected.

2.3 If the holding point is used, respective ATS unit may instruct the pilot on specified time and level. If the clearance limit is reached before further instructions have been received, holding procedure shall be carried out at the level last authorized.

2.4 Circling approaches will be conducted under certain visual meteorological condition unless aircraft is flying by special visual flight rules as authorized by the ATS unit.

3.1 IFR flights departing from controlled aerodromes will receive and acknowledge an initial ATC clearance from the local aerodrome control tower. The clearance limit will normally be the aerodrome of destination.

3.2 Detailed instructions with regard to climbing, turns and joining the routes etc will be issued prior to departure.